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No. 45 steel is commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered structural steel. The cold plasticity of No. 45 steel is generally better than ASTM A573 structural steel. Annealing and normalizing are better than quenching and tempering. No. 45 steel has higher strength and better machinability than Q345 steel. After proper heat treatment, it can obtain certain toughness, plasticity and wear resistance. No. 45 steel ASTM A573 structural steel is suitable for hydrogen welding and argon arc welding, but not suitable for gas welding. Preheating is required before welding, and stress relief annealing shall be conducted after welding.
The difference of chemical composition between ASTM A573 structural steel, Q420D steel and Q460D steel: Chemical composition of Q420D steel: C ≤ 0.20, Si ≤ 0.50, Mn ≤ 1.70, P ≤ 0.030, S ≤ 0.025, Nb ≤ 0.07, V ≤ 0.20, Ti ≤ 0.20, Cr ≤ 0.30, Ni ≤ 0.80, Cu ≤ 0.30, N ≤ 0.015, Mo ≤ 0.20, Al ≥ 0.015. Chemical composition of Q460D steel: C ≤ 0.20, Si ≤ 0.60, Mn ≤ 1.80, P ≤ 0.030, S ≤ 0.025, Nb ≤ 0.11, V ≤ 0.20, Ti ≤ 0.20, Cr ≤ 0.30, Ni ≤ 0.80, Cu ≤ 0.55, N ≤ 0.015, Mo ≤ 0.20, B ≤ 0.004, Al ≥ 0.015. The difference of mechanical properties between ASTM A573 structural steel, Q420D steel and Q460D steel: The mechanical properties of Q420D steel: yield strength ≥ 420 MPa, tensile strength 500-680 MPa. The mechanical properties of Q460D steel: yield strength ≥ 460 MPa, tensile strength 500-720 MPa.
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